REVOLUSI HIJAU DAN DAMPAKNYA(english)

The Green Revolution was the unofficial title used to describe a fundamental change in the use of technology in agriculture that began in the 1950s to the 1980s in many developing countries, especially in Asia. Tangible results are achieved self-sufficiency (adequacy of provision) number of food in some countries that previously were always short of food supplies (principal), such as India, Bangladesh, China, Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia, to name a few countries. Norman Borlaug, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970, is regarded as the primary drafter of this movement.
The green revolution bases itself on four important pillars: water supply through irrigation systems, optimal use of chemical fertilizers, pesticide application in accordance with the level of pests attacks, and the use of improved varieties as planting material quality. Through the application of non-traditional technologies, increasing crop yields doubled and allow planting three times a year for rice in certain places, something previously not possible.
The green revolution has been criticized in line with the increasing awareness of environmental sustainability due to cause severe environmental damage. By his supporters, damage is seen not as the Green Revolution but because of the excesses in the use of technologies that do not view the rules that have been determined. Another criticism that emerges is that the Green Revolution was not able to reach all strata of developing countries because it does not give a real impact in Africa.
A.Revolusi GreenGenetic technology triggered the Green Revolution (green revolution) that has been running since the 1960s. With the Green Revolution is happening increase agricultural production is doubled so that adequate food staple cereal origin.The concept of the Green Revolution in Indonesia known as Guidance movement (community counseling) is a national program to improve food production, especially rice self-sufficiency. These goals motivated myth that rice is a strategic commodity both in terms of economic, political and social. Movement Guidance cored three principal components, namely the use of technology often disabut Five Farms, the implementation of price policy means and reproduction as well as the credit support and infrastructure. Indonesia Grakan successfully deliver the rice self-sufficiency.Green Revolution movement that is run in the country - developed and implemented since Indonesia's New Order regime in power. Green Revolution movement known as common in Indonesia Indonesia is not able to deliver to a country that remains self-sufficient in food, but only capable within five years, ie, between the years 1984 to 1989. In addition, the Green Revolution has also led to the country's economic and social inequality as it turns out the Green Revolution is profitable for farmers who have more than half a hectare of land, and rich peasants in the countryside, as well as state officials at the village level. Because before the Green Revolution implemented, state control and ownership of land in Indonesia is lame, the result of the failure of the implementation of the Agrarian Reform which had commenced in the year 1960 to the year 1965. Agricultural green revolution can also be referred to as a failure because the product contains pesticide residues laden and highly damaging ecosystems and soil fertility.
B.Pestisida and Artificial FertilizersPesticides have long been known to cause eye and skin irritation, respiratory problems, memory loss, and in the long term lead to cancer. Even if pregnant women consume foods and beverages that contain pesticide residues, then the risk of the fetus having been born in a state of disability. The use of pesticides also caused the explosion of pests-a situation that contradicts the purpose of the manufacture of pesticides-as pesticides in excessive doses causes immune to pests and natural enemies of pests resulting in death is concerned.However, eradication of pests panacea myth remains embedded in the majority of farmers. They do not understand the dangers of pesticides. This is because the information that came to them was 'if there are pests, pesticides wear brand A'. farmers also flooded dreams overwhelming production if they use chemical fertilizers. The agricultural extension is 'minions' merchants that promote these wonders of modern technology. Agricultural extension never fully convey information that chemical fertilizers can not actually improve soil physical properties, so that the danger of soil erosion. The use of artificial fertilizers continuously will also accelerate the exhaustion of organic substances, upset the balance of nutrients in the soil, resulting in a variety of plant diseases. As a result, soil fertility in fields that use artificial fertilizers over the years continued to decline.
C.Revolusi Green and Bad ImpactsIn Indonesia, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is part of the Green Revolution, an ambitious project of the New Order to boost agricultural production by using modern technology, which began in the 1970s. Indeed, the Green Revolution has answered the challenge of the availability of the food needs of a growing world. But the success was not without its effects and side effects if without restraint, in the long run threatens the life of the world of agriculture.Breakthrough of the green revolution in Indonesia is seen in the decade of the 1980s. At that time, the government mengkomando rice cultivation, forcing the use of imported seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and others. As a result, Indonesia had enjoyed self-sufficiency in rice. But in the decade of the 1990s, farmers began to dither face pests, soil fertility decline, dependence increasing use of fertilizers and pesticides do not work anymore, and the government-controlled grain pricesSynthetic chemicals used in agriculture, such as fertilizers have damaged the structure, chemical and biological soil. Pesticide ingredients are believed to have damaged the ecosystem and habitat of animals that actually benefit some farmers as a particular pest predators. Besides pesticides has led to some pest immunity. Furthermore, the risk of ecological damage is inevitable and the decline of agricultural production makes production costs tend to increase. Finally occur inefisensi farming production and weaken excitement.The green revolution is ever increasing grain production. But the result:Various organisms destroyed soil fertilitySoil fertility decline / BadlandsSoil containing residues (sludge pesticides)Agricultural produce containing pesticide residuesThe balance of the ecosystem is damagedBombings and the number of pest attack.The Green Revolution has even drastically change the nature of farmers. In the history of human civilization, farmers work to develop a culture of planting by utilizing the potential of nature to meet human needs. Farmer is a self-contained community. But the green revolution, farmers should not be posted spawned its own seed. Seeds that have been provided are the result of genetic engineering, and highly dependent on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which makes a lot of farmers in debt. Candidate due to too high yielding rice seeds, about 1,500 local rice varieties have become extinct in the last 15 years.Although the Law. 12/1992 has been mentioned that "farmers have the freedom to determine the choice of the type of plant and its cultivation", but the verse is countered again by the next verse, that "farmers are obliged to participate in realizing the plan of development and production of plant cultivation" (government program). That way, the freedom of farmers is castrated by the regime.It is certain that the Green Revolution only benefit producers of fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, and farmers capitalized. The Green Revolution was made to increase agricultural production, which is used as a benchmark as one of the successes of the New Order. However, underneath it all, there is the plight of the farmers. Not to mention the damage to the ecological system of farming losses can not be valued in money.Myth of the amazing Green Revolution was born because it is supported by the technology developed from the system of modern science, from genetics to applied chemistry. Wonder if Masanobu Fukuoka, a pioneer of natural farming in Japan, once said: "The role of scientists in society is analogous to the role of discrimination in your own thoughts.". It has been shown that the application of the Green Revolution in Indonesia have a negative impact on the environment due to the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. And the Green Revolution in Indonesia is not always the welfare of rice farmers
One of the problems faced by the New Order government is that food production is not balanced by an increasing population density. Therefore, the New Order of the Green Revolution in the program include Pelita. The Green Revolution was implemented nationally. What is the Green Revolution is that? The Green Revolution was a major change with regard to the cultivation of land and agriculture.
The positive impact of the Green Revolution in Indonesia:a. Increasing the productivity of food crops.b. Increased food production led to the industry being the primary requirement is met.c. Indonesia achieved self-sufficiency in rice.d. Quality of food crops is increasing.
While the negative impact of the Green Revolution in Indonesia, among others:a. The use of artificial fertilizers and excessive pwstisida will result in agricultural land becomes fertile again.b. Reduced genetic diversity of certain crops caused by homogenization certain crops are developed.c. Agricultural mechanism resulting in the traditional way of farming became marginalized.d. Declining sense of mutual cooperation.e. Yields of some of the Green Revolution has decreased.
Basically, the policies of the New Order under the leadership of President Suharto has managed to increase economic growth high enough. President Suharto had earned a Father of Development for successfully realizing national development. National development at this time also cause negative side is marked by the emergence of symptoms of crony capitalism is a term that refers to the capitalists are circling the New Order regime based on the principles of kinship. The existence of crony capitalism has led to the economic inequities that impact felt by society, especially the middle class down. These conditions gave rise to social ills that descend elements of governance and society became known as KKN practices.
DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN REVOLUTION, TECHNOLOGY and INDUSTRIALIZATION
Agricultural modernization policies in the new order known as the Green Revolution.
The Green Revolution is changing the way of how traditional farming to modern ways.
The Green Revolution (Green Revolution) is a revolution in the production of grains from the scientific discoveries of a new form of improved seed varieties, wheat, rice, and corn yields resulting in high commodity.
Purpose of the green revolution is changing the old-style farmers (peasant) a new style farmers (farmers), modernizing agriculture to meet the old-style industrialization of the national economy. The green revolution is characterized by the decreasing dependence of the farmers on the weather and nature because of the increased role of science and technology to increase food production.
Background The advent of the Green Revolution was due to the problem of poverty due to population growth are not comparable with the rapid increase in food production. So do control the number of births and increasing search effort and research Binit excel in the field of Agriculture. These efforts occur based on research conducted by Thomas Robert Malthus.
Indonesian government's efforts to encourage green revolution reached by way of:
1. Intensification of Agriculture
Agricultural intensification in Indonesia known as the Five Farms which includes:
a. Seed Selection Superior
b. Good Soil Treatment
c. Fertilization
d. Irrigation
e. Pest Control
2. Agricultural extensification
Agricultural extension, namely Expanding land that can be planted with the opening of new land (eg convert barren land into arable land, clearing forests, etc.).
3. Diversification of Agriculture
Enterprise diversification of crops on a farm through intercropping systems. Business is profitable because it can prevent the staple crop failure, expanding sources of foreign exchange, prevent a decline in the income of farmers.
4. Agricultural Rehabilitation
Is the recovery of agricultural productivity of critical resources, which endanger the environment, as well as vulnerable areas in order to improve living standards for people in the area. Farms will produce food and environmental as well as stabilizers.

Implementation of the Green Revolution:
       Government to provide counseling and guidance to farmers.
       Marketing activities agricultural production running smoothly is often the development of technology and communication.
       specialized crops that are planted, known as monoculture, the planting of land with only one type of plant.
       The development of tissue culture techniques to obtain the expected seeds that are resistant to disease and only suitable to be planted in a particular field.
       farmers use rice seedlings developing a results of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI = International Rice Research Institute) in collaboration with the government, the seeds are high yielding rice seeds known as IR.
       The pattern of change of the pattern of subsistence agriculture into a pattern of capital and commercialization.
       State opened the investments through the construction of modern irrigation and of developing the national fertilizer industry.
       Government established cooperatives known as KUD (Village Unit Cooperatives).

Positive Impact of the Green Revolution:
     Providing employment for farmers and agricultural laborers.
     The area which was only able to produce a limited basis and only to meet the minimum needs of the community can enjoy better results because of the green revolution.
     food shortages can be resolved.
     The agricultural sector to become pillars of the Indonesian economy, especially noticeable when the economic crisis hit Indonesia so people turn to venture into the agricultural sector.
Negative Impact of Green Revolution:
     Came the commercialization of agricultural production
     Appears individualist stance in terms of land tenure
     There is a change in the social structure and patterns of relationships antarlapisan rural farmers in the village where the relationship between the separate layers and a social force in the opposite interest.
     fading kinship systems in communities initially be binding relationships between layers.
     Emerging economic inequality since the transfer of title to the land through purchase.
     the high price of land not covered by the economic capacity of farmers so that the bottom layer of rich farmers have a tremendous opportunity to increase the area of ​​land.
     Emerging social inequalities due to different land yanmg pendapatanpun lead levels will be different.
     visible gap comes from the difference in building styles and styles of dress that became a symbol of the identity of a social layer.
     Start efforts of farmers to switch jobs to another type as perkembagan technology.

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Technological developments provide a positive influence for Indonesia especially for the improvement of the food industry:
          The use of artificial fertilizers and chemicals to combat pests that pertanianpun production increases.
          lahanpun treatment process becomes faster with used tractors
          The processing of the results to be faster with the rice grinder

The negative impact of these technological developments is
          The incidence of pollution in water and soil due to the use of pesticides (chemical fertilizers) excess. For if the element of nitrate and phosphate contained in fertilizers in large quantities into the river will lead to the growth of blue algae and other aquatic plants that cause drying of the river because of the many aquatic plants (eutrophication).
          The use of pesticides to kill pests, pest insects, birds, fish and other animals. Even from the elements contained in pesticides can become life-threatening compounds.
          Implementation of monocultures cause unequal relationship between the land, animals, and plants so that the balance of nature will be disrupted causing outbreaks of pests and diseases.
          The system of shifting cultivation or harvesting of trees in large quantities by forest concession holders (HPH) to created a new settlement kususnya cause environmental damage to the soil ecosystem.
          The narrower converted into agricultural land for residential and industrial areas.
          Increased activity of extracting natural resources, mining, logging less attention to environmental conditions.
          Reduction of the amount of human labor involved in the production process because it has been replaced by machines that are capital-intensive and labor-saving. Impact on unemployment.

INDUSTRIALIZATION IN INDONESIA
The Green Revolution was led efforts to modernize the impact on the development of industrialization characterized by rational economic thinking. Thought it would lead to capitalism.
With industrialization is also a cultural process whereby public dibagun of a lifestyle or culture patterned traditional agrarian society into an industrial society and cultural life. Industrial development can not be separated from the long journey in the field of technological discoveries that drive the changes in society.
Government efforts to improve industrialization are:
- Enhance the development of information networks, communications, transportation to facilitate the flow of communication between regions of the archipelago.
- Developing the agricultural industry
- Develop non-agricultural industries, especially oil and gas boomed.
- The development of the shipbuilding industry to build shipyard in Surabaya Indonesia managed olrh PT.PAL.
- Development Nusantara Aircraft Industry (IPTN) which later became PT. Dirgantara Indonesia.
- Development of an industrial area in Jakarta, Cilacap, Surabaya, Medan and Batam.
- Since 1985 the government issued a policy of deregulation in the fields of industry and investment.

Industrialization in Indonesia is characterized by:
Achieving efficiency and effectiveness.
The amount of labor absorbed into the industrial sectors.
Changes in the behavioral patterns of the old patterns into new behaviors characterized by modern industrial society such rationalization.
Rising per capita income of people in various regions, especially in the industrial area.
Menigkatnya needs of people who use the results of both the industry of food, clothing, and tools to support agriculture and so on.

The positive impact of industrialization is the achievement of efficiency and effectiveness.
The negative impacts of industrialization is the emergence of social and economic inequalities are characterized by poverty and the emergence of social pathology (social ills) such as juvenile delinquency and crime.

makalah PKN(english)

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Coat of Arms of Indonesia Garuda Pancasila.svg
1.1 BACKGROUND
The acceptance of Pancasila as the state and national ideology logical consequence that the value - the value of Pancasila as the basic foundation, the fundamental basis for the implementation of the Indonesian nation. Contains five principles of Pancasila which essentially contains five basic fundamental values. The fundamental values ​​of Pancasila is one almighty deity value, the value of a just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia values, democratic values ​​which was chaired by the wisdom of deliberation / representation and justice values ​​of social justice in a fair and civilized.
Pancasila is the basis for the state ideology of Indonesia. This name consists of two words from Sanskrit: Panca means five and Sila means principle or principles. Pancasila is the formulation and guidelines for national and state life for all the people of Indonesia.
Five major joints making up Pancasila is belief in the one God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by the wisdom of deliberation / representation, and social justice for all Indonesian people, and is listed in the fourth paragraph Preambule (Opening) Act of 1945.
Despite the changes in the content and order of the five principles of Pancasila which took place in several stages during the formulation of Pancasila in 1945, June 1 is celebrated as the birth of Pancasila.
Panca Sila presented by Sukarno on June 1, 1945 in what became known spontaneous speech entitled "The Birth of Pancasila". Sukarno suggested the following basics: nationality; Internationalism; Consensus, foundation representatives, the principle of deliberation; Welfare; Godhead. Pancasila name was pronounced by Sukarno in a speech on June 1, he said:
Current number of principles: nationalism, internationalism, consensus, prosperity, and divine, five bilangannya. His name is not Panca Dharma, but I call this the guidance of a linguist friend of ours - his name is Pancasila. Sila means or basic principles, and on this basis we set up a fifth of the Indonesian state, eternal and immutable.
After the formulation of Pancasila as the state received some documents formally stipulation is:

    * Formula One: Charter Jakarta (Jakarta Charter) - dated June 22, 1945
    * Formulation of Two: Preamble to the Constitution - dated August 18, 1945
    * Formula Three: The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Mukaddimah States - dated December 27, 1949
    * Formulation Fourth: Mukaddimah Constitution while - dated August 15, 1950
    * Formulation Fifth: Second formulation inspired by Formula One (referring to the Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959)

Grains Pancasila
MPR Decree no. II/MPR/1978 about Ekaprasetia Pancakarsa outlines the five principles of Pancasila to 36 grains of practice as a practical guide for the implementation of Pancasila.

36 BUTIR-BUTI R PANCASILA / EKA Prasetia PANCA KARSA

A. SILA ALMIGHTY GOD

   1. Believe it and Piety to the Almighty God according to the religion and beliefs of each on the basis of a just and civilized humanity.
   2. Respect and cooperation among religious followers and the adherents of different beliefs that forged harmonious life.
   3. Mutual respect for the freedom to worship according to their religion or belief.
   4. Not impose a religion and beliefs to others.
   5. Indonesia rejects belief in atheism.

B. SILA HUMANITARIAN just and civilized

   1. Acknowledging equality equal rights and equality among human obligations.
   2. Fellow human beings in love.
   3. Develop an attitude of tolerance.
   4. Arbitrarily towards others.
   5. Uphold human values.
   6. Love to serve humanity.
   7. Dare to defend truth and justice.
   8. The Indonesian people feel themselves a part of the whole human race, because it was developed respect-respect and cooperation with other nations.

C. SILA SOCIETY OF INDONESIA

   1. Putting unity, unity, interests, and safety of the nation above personal or group interests.
   2. Willing to sacrifice for the sake of the nation.
   3. Love of country and nation.
   4. Proud as areas of Indonesia and the country of Indonesia.
   5. Advancing socially sake of national unity, air-Unity in Diversity.

D. SILA democracy guided by the inner wisdom CONSULTATIVE / REPRESENTATIVES

   1. The interests of the state and society.
   2. Not overbearing to others.
   3. Prioritize deliberation in making decisions for the common good.
   4. Deliberation to reach a conclusion filled with the spirit of kinship.
   5. In good faith and a sense of responsibility to accept and implement the consensus reached.
   6. Deliberation done with common sense and in accordance with the noble conscience.
   7. Decisions may need to be morally accountable to God Almighty, upholding human dignity and values ​​of truth and justice.

E. SILA SOCIAL JUSTICE FOR ALL OF THE INDONESIA

   1. Developing a noble deeds that reflect the attitude and family atmosphere and mutual help.
   2. Be fair.
   3. Maintaining a balance between rights and obligations.
   4. Respect the rights of others.
   5. Like giving help to others.
   6. Steer clear of extortion attitude towards others.
   7. Do not be wasteful.
   8. Not luxurious lifestyle.
   9. Not perform acts that harm the public interest.
  10. Hardworking.
  11. Appreciating the work of others.
  12. Together striving to achieve equitable progress and social justice.
This decree was later repealed by the MPR Decree no. I/MPR/2003 with 45 grains of Pancasila. Never published a study on whether these items actually practiced in everyday Indonesian.


        First principle


Stars:

   1. Indonesia has stated his belief and piety towards God Almighty.
   2. Indonesia's human trust and devotion to God Almighty, according to the religion and beliefs of each on the basis of a just and civilized humanity.
   3. Developing respect respect and cooperation among religions with adherents of different beliefs in God Almighty.
   4. Foster harmonious living among religious and belief in God Almighty.
   5. Religion and belief in Almighty God is a matter involving personal relationship with God Almighty.
   6. Developing mutual respect freedom of religion and worship according to their respective beliefs.
   7. Not impose a religion and belief in Almighty God to others.
Sila second


Chain:

   1. Recognize and treat people according to the status and dignity as a creature of God Almighty.
   2. Acknowledging equality, equality, rights and obligations of every human being, without distinction of race, ancestry, religion, creed, sex, social status, skin color and so on.
   3. Developing mutual love fellow human beings.
   4. Develop an attitude of mutual tolerance and tepa selira.
   5. Develop an attitude of persecution against others.
   6. Upholding the values ​​of humanity.
   7. Love to serve humanity.
   8. Dare to defend truth and justice.
   9. The Indonesian people feel themselves a part of the whole human race.
  10. Develop a respectful attitude to respect and cooperate with other nations.
Third Precept


Banyan Tree.

   1. Being able to put the unity, unity, and the interests and safety of the nation and the state as a common interest above personal and group interests.
   2. Able and willing to sacrifice for the benefit of the state and the nation if necessary.
   3. Developing a love for the homeland and the nation.
   4. Developing a sense of national pride and earthy Indonesian water.
   5. Maintain a world order based on freedom, eternal peace and social justice.
   6. Developing unity of Indonesia on the basis of unity in diversity.
   7. Advancing socially sake of national unity.

 Fourthly


Bull Head

   1. As citizens and residents, all Indonesian people have a position, rights, and obligations.
   2. Should not impose its will to others.
   3. Prioritize deliberation in making decisions for the common good.
   4. Deliberations to reach consensus permeated by the spirit of kinship.
   5. Respect and uphold any decision reached as a result of deliberation.
   6. Good faith and sense of responsibility to accept and implement the consensus decision.
   7. In the discussion of mutual interests take precedence over the interests of individuals and groups.
   8. Deliberation done with common sense and in accordance with the noble conscience.
   9. Decisions may need to be morally accountable to God Almighty, upholding human dignity, the values ​​of truth and justice promoting unity and unity for the common interest.
  10. Giving credence to representatives believed to carry Pemusyawaratan.
Fifth Precept


Rice and Cotton.

   1. Developing a noble deed, which reflects the attitude and family atmosphere and mutual cooperation.
   2. Develop a fair attitude towards others.
   3. Maintaining a balance between rights and obligations.
   4. Respect the rights of others.
   5. Like giving aid to others in order to stand alone.
   6. Do not use the property for businesses that are extorted from the others.
   7. Do not use the property for things that are wasteful and extravagant lifestyle.
   8. Do not use the property for a conflict with or detrimental to the public interest.
   9. Hardworking.
  10. Like to appreciate the work of others that are beneficial to the progress and prosperity together.
  11. Like to do activities in order to achieve equitable progress and social justice.

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION
· What is the value?
· Apasajakah a variety of value?
· What sajakan Characteristics Value?
· What is the purpose whether Pancasila as the source of value?

1.3 PURPOSE PAPER
· To increase the knowledge to the students / i 2 Singingi SMA.
· As the duties of citizenship
· Multiplying the maximum information available.
· Increase the sense of nationalists in the country, especially in the Pancasila as the source of value ..

































CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1. UNDERSTANDING VALUE
Value is something of value, quality, show quality, and useful for humans. Something that means something is worth valuable or usefulfor human life.

            The existence of two kinds of values ​​are in line with Pancasila as the assertionopen ideology. The formulation of Pancasila as the opening of the 1945 Constitution. Paragraph 4 is expressed as a base value and penjabarannya as instrumental value.The base value does not change and can not be changed anymore. However importantbasic values ​​contained in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution that, it has notoperational. It means we have not been able to translate it directly ineveryday life. Explanation of the 1945 Constitution itself point to the implementation of the law as the basis of the written law. Basic values ​​contained in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution that requires further elaboration. The translation of it as a direction for real life. Elaboration was then called Instrumental Value.
            Instrumental value must also adhere to the basic valuesdijabarkannya translation of it can be done in a creative and dynamic innew forms to embody the same spirit and within the limitsmade possible by the basic values. Elaboration that obviously should not becontrary to basic values.

2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF VALUES

  The properties of value according to Bambang Daroeso (1986) is as follows.
a. Value is an abstract reality and there is a human life. Abstract values ​​can not be diindra. It can be observed that the object is worth it. For example, people with honesty. Honesty is a value, but we can not perceive honesty. What we can sense it is honesty.
b. Value has a normative nature, meaning the value contains hopes, ideals, and a must so that the value nemiliki ideal properties (das sollen). Values ​​embodied in human form as the basis of norms in the act. For example, the value of justice. Everyone hopes and gain and behavior that reflects the value of justice.
c. Value serves as the impetus / motivator and people are supportingvalue. Humans act based and driven by the values ​​he believes.For example, the value of piety. This makes the value of all people are driven to achieve the degree of piety.






2.3. TYPES OF VALUES
In philosophy, values ​​divided into three kinds, namely
a. Valued logic is completely wrong value.
b. Aesthetic value is not wonderful wonderful value.
c. Ethical / moral good is bad value.
Based on the above classification, we can set an example in life. If a student can answer a question, he logically correct. If he erred in answering, we say wrong. We can not say it was a bad student because the answer wrong. Poor is a moral value that is not our place to say so.
Examples of aesthetic value is when we see a sight, watching a stage show, or taste of food, the aesthetic value isopinion to yourself that question. Someone will be happy withsaw a painting which he thought very beautiful, but others maydo not like the painting. We can not impose that luikisan itbeautiful. Moral values ​​are a part of the value, ie the value of the deal with behaviorgood or bad of manusia.moral always associated with a value, but notall values ​​are moral values. Moral behavior or actions related tohumans. Moral values ​​is more related to the behavior of livingour day-to-day.
Notonegoro in Kaelan (2000) mentions the existence of three kinds of value. These three values ​​are as follows.
a. Material values, ie everything that is useful for physical life
    human or human bodily needs.
b. Vital values, ie everything that is useful for people to be able
    organize events or activities.
c. Spiritual values, and of all things that are useful for the human spirit.Spiritual values ​​include
1) The value of truth derived from reason (ratio, cultivation, copyright) man.
2) The value of beauty or aesthetic value which is based on the element of feeling
     (Emotion) man.
3) The value of moral goodness or value that originates in the element will

    (Intention, Will) man.
Religious value is an absolute value and as well as the highest keohanianrooted in trust or confidence man.

2.4. VALUE AS A SOURCE PANCASILA
The acceptance of Pancasila as the state and national ideology broughtlogical consequence that the values ​​of Pancasila made basic foundation, the cornerstonefundamental for the realization of the state of Indonesia. Contains five principles of Pancasilaessentially contains five basic fundamental values. Basic valuesPancasila is the value of the Belief in God Almighty, Human ValueA just and civilized, values ​​the unity of Indonesia, democracy guided valuesby the wisdom role in deliberation / representation, and the value of Justicesocial for all the people of Indonesia. In a brief statement thatPancasila value is the value of divinity, humanity, unity values, democratic values, and the values ​​of justice.



1. The meaning of value in the Pancasila
a. Belief in the value of
Almighty deity Value Containing meaning the recognition of and confidence in the nation against the existence of God as pancipta universe. With this value states the Indonesian nation is a religious nation is not an atheist nation. Value also features the divine meaning of the recognition of the freedom of religion, respect for religious freedom, no coercion and no discriminatory effect among religious believers.
b. Value Humanity
The value of a just and civilized humanity implies an attitude of awareness and behavior in accordance with moral values ​​in life together on the basis of demandconscience by treating something as it should be.
c. Value Unity
Value of unity implies Indonesia united efforts towards the determination of the people to foster a sense of nationalism in the Republic of Indonesia. Unity of Indonesia as well as recognize and fully appreciate the diversity of the nation owned by Indonesia ..
d. Value Populist
Democratic values ​​are guided by the wisdom of deliberation / representation implies a government of the people, by the people and for the people by way of consensus agreement through representative institutions.
e. Rated Justice
The value of social justice for all Indonesian people has meaning as well as the basic purpose, namely the achievement of the Indonesian people and the FairAtauun inwardly outwardly prosperous. Basic values ​​and normative nature abstract. Because of its abstract and normative, it can not be operationalized. In order to be operational and explicit, have translated into instrumental values. Examples of instrumental values ​​are the 1945 Constitution and other legislation. As the basic values, these values ​​are a source of value. That is, drawing on five core values ​​described above can be made and instrumental values ​​Indonesian state administration.

2. Pancasila became Norma Resources Law
Efforts to realize Pancasila as the source of values ​​is the basic values ​​maketh a source for the preparation of the rule of law in Indonesia. Operationalization of the basic values ​​that are maketh Pancasila Pancasila as the basic norms for preparing the legal norm in Indonesia. Country Indonesia has a national law which is a unified system of law. Indonesia's legal system is derived, and based on the Pancasila as the basic norm state. Pancasila serves as grundnorm (basic norm) or staatfundamentalnorm (fondamental norm state) in the levels of the rule of law in Indonesia. Pancasila values ​​further elaborated in perundangam existing regulations. Legislation, statutes, decisions, government policies, development programs, and other regulations is essentially a translation of the instrumental value of the basic values ​​of Pancasila.
The legal system in Indonesia to form a sort order legislation. Tata sequence regulations as stipulated in the provisions of Decree No.. III/MPR/2000 about the source of law and order legislation as follows.
a. Constitution of 1945
b. Decree of the People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia
c. Law
d. Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Regulation)
e. Government Regulation
f. Presidential Decree
g. Local Regulation

 Law No. 10 Year 2004 on the establishment of legislation also mentions the types and hierarchy of ruleslegislation as follows:
a. Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945.
b. Undang-undang/peraturan successor government legislation (Government Regulation)
c. Government regulations
d. Regulation president
e. Local regulations.
Article 2 of Law no. 10 of 2004 states that Pancasila is the source of all sources of state law. This is consistent with his position as a base (philosophical) as stated in the opening paragraph IV of the 1945 Constitution.
3. Pancasila became Norma Ethics Resource
Other efforts to realize Pancasila as the source of value is themake the basic values ​​of Pancasila as the source of the formation of ethical norms (normsmoral) in the life of society, nation and state. The valuesPancasila is a moral value. Therefore, the value of Pancasila also beembodied into moral norms (ethics). Norms of conductcan then be used as a guide or reference in attitude andbehave in the life of the nation.
Indonesian nation is now successfully formulate ethical norms asguidelines in the act and behave. Norms of conduct comesthe Pancasila as the nation's cultural values. The formulation of norms of conductprovisions contained in Decree No.. VI/MPR/2001 on Ethics of the nation, state, and society.
MPR Decree. VI/MPR/2001 about the ethics of nation, state, and society is a translation of the values ​​of Pancasila as a guide in thinking, attitude, and behavior that is a reflection of religious values ​​and culture that is rooted in community life

a. Social Ethics and Culture
Ethics was based on a deep sense of humanity by showingre being honest, mutual care, mutual understanding, mutual respect, mutuallove, and mutual help among people and the nation. In the same breathit also revived the culture of shame, the shame make mistakesand all were opposed to religious moral values ​​and noble culturenation. For that, it should be brought back to life to be exemplary culturestarted and is shown for example by the leaders at every level andsociety.

b. Government Ethics and Politics
Ethics is intended to achieve a clean, efficient, and effective; foster a democratic political atmosphere characterized byopenness, sense of responsibility, responsive to the aspirations of the people; appreciatedifferences; honest competition; availability to accept the opinion thateven truer coming from person to person or group of people, as well asupholding human rights. Ethics rule mandates that theofficials have a sense of high concern in providing services topublic, ready to resign if he felt he had violated the rules and systemsvalue or be unable to meet the mandate of the people, nation, andcountries.

c. Economic and Business Ethics
Business and economic ethics is intended that the principles and economic behavior, either by personal, institutional and decision-makers in the economy, can give birth kiondisi and economic reality characterized by the competition honest, fair, encouraging economic development work ethic, economic resilience and competitiveness, and the creation of an atmosphere conducive to the economic empowerment of the people through joint efforts on an ongoing basis. It aims to prevent the occurrence of monopolistic practices, oligopoly, economic policies, corruption or racial nuances negative impact on efficiency, competition, and fairness and to avoid behavior justifies any means to make a profit.

d. Justice Law Enforcement Ethics
Ethics law enforcement and justice keasadaran intended to foster that social order, peace, and order of living together can only be realized by obedience to the laws and regulations.The overall rule of law that guarantees the supremacy of law in line with pemenuha leads to a sense of justice that live and thrive in thesociety.

e. Scientific Ethics and Discipline Life
Ethics of science realized with respect tingghi the values ​​of science and technology to be able to think rationally, critically, logically and objectively. Ethics is ethics is displayed in private and collective behavior orfond of reading, studying, researching, writing, discussing, and creativecreating new works, and together create a climateconducive to the development of science and technology.
With the ethics of the Pancasila values ​​reflected in the norms of ethical life of the nation we can resume practicing. For a successfulrelying on behavioral norms of ethical life of the nation,There are some things that need to be done as follows.
a.Proses the planting and cultivation of ethics should be used

    religious language and the language of the culture so that it touches the conscience and

    sympathy and support of the entire community. If the moral sanction

    no longer effective, enforcement measures should be carried out

    firm and consistent.


b.Proses ethics planting and cultivation is done through
    communicative, dialogue and persuasion, not through approach,
    indoctrination.
c. Implementation of the national movement ethics of nation, state and community
    the synergy and sustainable, involving all the potential of the nation,
    governments or communities.
d. Need to develop professional ethics, such as the ethics of the legal profession, the profession
     medicine, economics profession, and the profession of politics that is based on the principal-

     subject to ethics adhered to by its members through a code of ethics

     their respective professions.
e. Linking civilizing ethics of nation, state, and
    community as part of the diversity of attitudes, that puts
    ethical values ​​of nation, state and community in addition to
    humanitarian responsibilities as well as part of devotion to God

   The Almighty.















CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion:
Value is something of value, quality, show quality, and useful for humans. Something that means something is worth valuable or usefulfor human life. Pancasila has characteristics or properties of which value is an abstract reality and there is a human life, value has a normative nature and value serves as the impetus / motivator.
Contains five principles of Pancasila, which in principle contains five basic valuesfundamentals. The fundamental values ​​of Pancasila is the value of GodheadAlmighty, Value Fair and Civilized Humanity, the value of the UnionIndonesia, the value of democracy guided by the inner wisdom dalanconsultative / representative, and the value of social justice for all peopleIndonesia.

"PANCASILA AS ETHICS"

Pancasila is the basis of the Indonesian state, plays an important role in every aspect of the lives of the people of Indonesia. Pancasila many plays a very important to the life of the nation of Indonesia, one of which is the "Pancasila as an ethical system." Internationally renowned as one of Indonesia a country that has good ethics, a warm-hearted people, manners are upheld and many more, and Pancasila big role in shaping the mindset of this nation so that the nation can be appreciated as one of the civilized world considers didunia.Kecenderungan indifferent and trivial to the presence of Pancasila is expected to be abandoned. Because a great nation is a civilized nation. Establishment of ethics is not that hard and it's not easy, because it comes from the behavior and conscience. Hopefully this summary will be able to open your mind to the importance of a nation's life's Pancasila.
Ethics is a branch of philosophy, and it is also a branch of the human sciences (humanities). As a branch of philosophy he discusses systems thinking fundamental teachings and moral views. As a branch of science he discusses how and why we follow a certain moral teachings. Ethics as a science is divided into two, namely the general ethics and special ethics.Public Ethics discusses general principles that apply to every human action. In Western and Eastern philosophy, as in China and, as in Islamic schools of thought ethical diverse. But in principle, discuss the principles of human action and deeds, as well as the value system of what is contained in it. Special Ethics is divided into two individual ethics and social ethics. Ethics indvidual discuss human duty to itself and to the beliefs of his religion and conscience calls, obligations and responsibilities to the Lord. Social Ethics at the other things discussed the obligations and social norms that should be followed in human relationships, community, state and nation. Social Ethics branches of ethics include more specific like family ethics, professional ethics, business ethics, environmental ethics, ethics education, medical ethics, journalistic ethics, sexual ethics and political ethics. Political ethics as a branch of social ethics, thus discussing the obligations and norms in political life, which is how a person in a state society (who hold certain political system) associated politically with another person or group of people. In carrying out the political relations that one must know and understand the norms and obligations that must dipatuhi.Dan pancasila role in the realization of a system of good ethics in this country. In every time and anywhere we are we obligated to every ethical behavior. As noted in the precepts of the two "just and civilized humanity" can not be denied that the presence of Pancasila in building ethical berandil nation is large, each essentially a principle precepts and its own function, but overall is a systematic unity. Pancasila is a single compound entity, any precepts can not be independent of the other principles, precepts between one and the other are not mutually bertentangan.Inti and content of Pancasila are human monopluralis that has elements of the composition of nature (physical-spiritual) nature of nature (individual-social beings), status as a private stand-alone nature, the creatures of Almighty Esa.Unsur elements of human nature is a unity that is organic and harmonious, and each element has a respective functions but interconnected. Pancasila is the embodiment of human nature monopluralis as an organic unity. In establishing a system of anonymous ethics values, norms and morals. Let's discuss each and tiapnya understanding, and relationships among them.

   1. PengertianNilai: The nature or quality attached to an object, not the object sendiriNorma: Rules idealMoral behavior: integrity and personal dignity manusiaSedangkan ethics itself has the meaning of critical thinking and the fundamental teachings and moral views.


   2. The values, norms and moralNilai, moral norms and directly or indirectly have a pretty close relationship, because each one will determine the ethics of this nation. Antarnya relationship can be summarized as follows:

   1. Value: the quality of a human life for the benefit of (physical and spiritual). - Values ​​are abstract can only be understood, considered, understood and dihayatiolehmanusia; - Values ​​related to expectations, goals, desires, and everything human inner-value considerations can be subjective when administered olehs ubyek and objective when attached to something terlepasd meaning of human judgment
   2. Norma: concrete manifestation of the values, and attitudes that guide human behavior. Legal norm is the norm of the most powerful because its entry can be enforced by an external authority, such authority or law enforcement
   3. Values ​​and norms is always associated with moral and ethical
   4. Lyang moral meaning contained in a person's personality will be reflected in the attitudes and behavior-. Attitudes and norms to guide human behavior.
   5. Morals and ethics are closely related. Ethics is the science that discuss the principles moralitas.Pada essentially everything it's worth, just what kind of value and how that value relationships with people. Many attempts to classify these values ​​and the classification is very diverse, depending on your point of view in the context of the classification. Notonagoro maacam dividing into three, namely:

   1. Material values, and of all things that are useful for human physical life, or human bodily material needs.
   2. Vital values, ie everything that is useful for people to be able to hold events or activities.
   3. Kerokhanian value, ie everything that is useful for rohanimanusia spiritual values ​​can be divided into four kinds:
a) the value of truth.
b) The value of beauty.
c) The value of kindness.
d) The value of religious

3.2 ADVICE

            Pancasila should be used as much as possible to the source of the value of life because it has sesai bnagsa Indonesia with Indonesian national life. Value - the value of Pancasila was formulated according the Indonesian nation.

            Pancasila should be dugunakan much as possible in all parts of the nation that the ideology of the nation Indonesia Indonesia goes to the maximum.

            Pancasila should be implemented in schools and not just in the know by the student / i exists on Pancasila as the source of value.